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    <title>Shastra Consulting — Insights</title>
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    <description>Practical guidance on UAE VAT, Corporate Tax, excise tax, e-invoicing, accounting, audit and AML compliance.</description>
    <language>en</language>
    <lastBuildDate>Thu, 01 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT</lastBuildDate>
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      <title>UAE e-invoicing: what businesses need to do before the 2027 deadlines</title>
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      <description>The UAE is moving to mandatory e-invoicing, with large businesses going live from January 2027. What is changing, who is affected and how to prepare.</description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>E-invoicing</category>
      <category>VAT</category>
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    <item>
      <title>Pillar Two in the UAE: who the 15% Domestic Minimum Top-up Tax applies to</title>
      <link>https://shastraconsulting.com/blog/uae-pillar-two-dmtt/</link>
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      <description>Large multinational groups in the UAE may owe top-up tax to reach a 15% effective rate. Who is in scope, how it works and the filing deadlines.</description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 15 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>Corporate Tax</category>
      <category>Pillar Two</category>
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    <item>
      <title>Preparing for your annual audit: a practical checklist</title>
      <link>https://shastraconsulting.com/blog/audit-preparation-checklist/</link>
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      <description>Most audit delays come from records that are not ready. A practical checklist for UAE businesses to work through before the auditors arrive.</description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 11 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>Audit</category>
      <category>Accounting</category>
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      <title>Qualifying Free Zone Person: the conditions behind the 0% Corporate Tax rate</title>
      <link>https://shastraconsulting.com/blog/qualifying-free-zone-person/</link>
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      <description>Free zone companies pay 0% Corporate Tax on qualifying income only if every condition is met. What they are, and what happens if one is missed.</description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 14 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>Corporate Tax</category>
      <category>Free Zones</category>
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    <item>
      <title>Mainland or free zone? Five questions to answer before you choose</title>
      <link>https://shastraconsulting.com/blog/mainland-or-free-zone/</link>
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      <description>Mainland or free zone shapes where you can trade, how many visas you get and how you are taxed. Five questions that make the choice clearer.</description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 09 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>Business Setup</category>
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    <item>
      <title>How long must UAE businesses keep their records?</title>
      <link>https://shastraconsulting.com/blog/record-keeping-uae/</link>
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      <description>VAT, Corporate Tax, company law and AML rules each set their own record-keeping periods. A practical summary of what to keep and for how long.</description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 12 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>Accounting</category>
      <category>Corporate Tax</category>
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    <item>
      <title>Small Business Relief ends after 2026: what small businesses should plan for</title>
      <link>https://shastraconsulting.com/blog/small-business-relief-ending/</link>
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      <description>Small Business Relief is available for tax periods ending on or before 31 December 2026. What happens after that, and how small businesses can prepare now.</description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 14 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>Corporate Tax</category>
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    <item>
      <title>Found a mistake in a past VAT return? How voluntary disclosure works</title>
      <link>https://shastraconsulting.com/blog/vat-voluntary-disclosure/</link>
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      <description>When a past VAT return is wrong, the fix depends on the size of the error. How UAE voluntary disclosures work, and why acting early matters.</description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 10 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>VAT</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Excise tax on sweetened drinks now depends on sugar content</title>
      <link>https://shastraconsulting.com/blog/excise-sugar-tax-2026/</link>
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      <description>Since 1 January 2026, UAE excise tax on sweetened drinks is charged per litre according to sugar content. The new rates, who is affected and what to do.</description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 10 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>Excise Tax</category>
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    <item>
      <title>UAE VAT changes from 1 January 2026: what businesses need to know</title>
      <link>https://shastraconsulting.com/blog/uae-vat-amendments-2026/</link>
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      <description>Amendments to the UAE VAT Law took effect on 1 January 2026. The three changes to act on, including a refund deadline that ends this year.</description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 12 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>VAT</category>
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    <item>
      <title>The AML risk assessment: the foundation of your compliance programme</title>
      <link>https://shastraconsulting.com/blog/aml-risk-assessment/</link>
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      <description>Supervisors expect every UAE business with AML duties to have a documented risk assessment. What it should cover and how often to update it.</description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 17 Jun 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>AML</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Filing your first Corporate Tax return: what to expect</title>
      <link>https://shastraconsulting.com/blog/first-corporate-tax-returns/</link>
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      <description>The first UAE Corporate Tax returns are now due. Deadlines, what the return asks for, and the points that most often need attention before you file.</description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 11 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>Corporate Tax</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Economic Substance Regulations withdrawn: what it means for you</title>
      <link>https://shastraconsulting.com/blog/esr-withdrawn/</link>
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      <description>The UAE has stopped applying Economic Substance Regulations to financial years ending after 31 December 2022. What changes, and what still needs attention.</description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 22 Oct 2024 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>Economic Substance</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Do you need audited financial statements for Corporate Tax?</title>
      <link>https://shastraconsulting.com/blog/audited-financial-statements-corporate-tax/</link>
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      <description>Some UAE taxpayers must keep audited financial statements under Ministerial Decision No. 82 of 2023. Who is caught, and how to plan the audit.</description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 09 Jul 2024 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>Audit</category>
      <category>Corporate Tax</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Corporate Tax registration deadlines: don't miss yours</title>
      <link>https://shastraconsulting.com/blog/corporate-tax-registration-deadlines/</link>
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      <description>The FTA has set Corporate Tax registration deadlines by licence issue month, with an AED 10,000 penalty for registering late. How to find your deadline.</description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 12 Mar 2024 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>Corporate Tax</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Transfer pricing under UAE Corporate Tax: an introduction</title>
      <link>https://shastraconsulting.com/blog/transfer-pricing-uae-intro/</link>
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      <description>UAE Corporate Tax brings transfer pricing rules for transactions with related parties and connected persons. What arm's length means and what to document.</description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 14 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>Corporate Tax</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>goAML registration: does your business need it, and what comes next?</title>
      <link>https://shastraconsulting.com/blog/goaml-registration-guide/</link>
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      <description>Many UAE businesses outside banking must register on goAML. Who needs to register, the reports involved and what AML supervisors expect.</description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 12 Sep 2023 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>AML</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Corporate Tax starts this month: preparing for your first tax period</title>
      <link>https://shastraconsulting.com/blog/first-corporate-tax-period/</link>
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      <description>UAE Corporate Tax applies to financial years starting on or after 1 June 2023. When your first tax period begins, and what to have in place from day one.</description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 06 Jun 2023 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>Corporate Tax</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Small Business Relief: who can treat their taxable income as nil</title>
      <link>https://shastraconsulting.com/blog/small-business-relief-explained/</link>
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      <description>UAE businesses with revenue of AED 3 million or less can elect Small Business Relief. How it works, who qualifies and what to watch.</description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 18 Apr 2023 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>Corporate Tax</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>The UAE Corporate Tax law is published: key points for businesses</title>
      <link>https://shastraconsulting.com/blog/corporate-tax-law-published/</link>
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      <description>Federal Decree-Law No. 47 of 2022 sets out how UAE Corporate Tax will work. The key points on rates, exemptions, losses, groups and free zones.</description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 13 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>Corporate Tax</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>UAE Corporate Tax announced: what we know so far</title>
      <link>https://shastraconsulting.com/blog/uae-corporate-tax-announced/</link>
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      <description>The UAE will introduce Corporate Tax for financial years starting on or after 1 June 2023. The headline rate, who is affected and what to do now.</description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 08 Feb 2022 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>Corporate Tax</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Payroll and WPS: getting salary compliance right in the UAE</title>
      <link>https://shastraconsulting.com/blog/payroll-wps-compliance/</link>
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      <description>Paying salaries in the UAE means meeting Wage Protection System rules and getting gratuity right. A practical guide for employers.</description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 23 Nov 2021 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>Accounting</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Choosing accounting software for a growing UAE business</title>
      <link>https://shastraconsulting.com/blog/choosing-accounting-software/</link>
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      <description>Spreadsheets stop working as a business grows. What to look for in accounting software in the UAE, from VAT reporting to multi-currency and reporting.</description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 17 Aug 2021 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>Accounting</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>100% foreign ownership on the UAE mainland: what has changed</title>
      <link>https://shastraconsulting.com/blog/foreign-ownership-mainland-2021/</link>
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      <description>Most mainland activities can now be fully foreign-owned. What the Commercial Companies Law changes mean for new and existing businesses.</description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 09 Mar 2021 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>Business Setup</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Beneficial ownership: the UAE's new UBO register requirements</title>
      <link>https://shastraconsulting.com/blog/ubo-register-uae/</link>
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      <description>UAE companies must now record who ultimately owns and controls them and file it with their registrar. Who counts and what to file.</description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 08 Sep 2020 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>Business Setup</category>
      <category>AML</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Excise tax expands to sweetened drinks and e-cigarettes from 2020</title>
      <link>https://shastraconsulting.com/blog/excise-sweetened-drinks-2020/</link>
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      <description>From 1 January 2020, UAE excise tax extends to sweetened drinks and electronic smoking devices and liquids. What is changing and who is affected.</description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 10 Dec 2019 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>Excise Tax</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Economic Substance Regulations: what UAE companies need to know</title>
      <link>https://shastraconsulting.com/blog/economic-substance-regulations-2019/</link>
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      <description>New Economic Substance Regulations require UAE companies in certain activities to show real presence here. Who is affected and what must be filed.</description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 11 Jun 2019 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>Economic Substance</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>One year of VAT in the UAE: lessons for businesses</title>
      <link>https://shastraconsulting.com/blog/one-year-of-vat-lessons/</link>
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      <description>A year after VAT arrived in the UAE, the same issues keep appearing. Five lessons from the first year, and what to put right as the second begins.</description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 22 Jan 2019 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>VAT</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Recovering input VAT: what you can and cannot claim</title>
      <link>https://shastraconsulting.com/blog/input-tax-recovery-blocked/</link>
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      <description>Input tax recovery is where UAE VAT saves businesses money and where many errors arise. What can be claimed, what is blocked and what evidence you need.</description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 18 Sep 2018 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>VAT</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Tax invoices under UAE VAT: getting the details right</title>
      <link>https://shastraconsulting.com/blog/tax-invoice-requirements-uae/</link>
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      <description>A tax invoice that misses required details can cost your customer their input tax. What a UAE tax invoice must show, and when a simplified one will do.</description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 15 May 2018 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>VAT</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Your first VAT return: common mistakes to avoid</title>
      <link>https://shastraconsulting.com/blog/first-vat-return-mistakes/</link>
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      <description>First UAE VAT returns are now falling due. The errors we see most often, from emirate-wise sales to the reverse charge, and how to avoid them.</description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 06 Feb 2018 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>VAT</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Registering for VAT: thresholds and how to prepare before 1 January 2018</title>
      <link>https://shastraconsulting.com/blog/vat-registration-before-2018/</link>
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      <description>VAT registration is now open. How the AED 375,000 and AED 187,500 thresholds work, what the application needs and what to fix before January.</description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 21 Nov 2017 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>VAT</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Excise tax arrives in the UAE: what changes on 1 October 2017</title>
      <link>https://shastraconsulting.com/blog/excise-tax-uae-2017/</link>
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      <description>From 1 October 2017, tobacco, energy drinks and carbonated drinks carry excise tax in the UAE. The rates, who must register and how the tax works.</description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 03 Oct 2017 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>Excise Tax</category>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>VAT is coming to the UAE: what businesses need to know</title>
      <link>https://shastraconsulting.com/blog/vat-coming-to-uae-2018/</link>
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      <description>The UAE will introduce VAT at 5% on 1 January 2018. What the new law covers, who must register, and how businesses should start preparing now.</description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 29 Aug 2017 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <category>VAT</category>
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